Which of the following is NOT considered a conservation and management practice?

Fertilizer application is focused primarily on enhancing plant growth and yields rather than on conserving or managing soil resources. While the use of fertilizers can contribute to productive farming practices, it does not serve as a practice aimed specifically at soil conservation or management. In contrast, practices like conservation tillage, strip cropping, and contour farming are designed to minimize soil erosion, enhance soil structure, and improve overall soil health. These methods actively aim to work with the land's natural processes to maintain or enhance soil quality and prevent degradation, which is central to the concepts of conservation and management.