Which of the following actions can promote better soil structure?

Introducing organic matter into the soil is a highly effective way to promote better soil structure. Organic matter, such as compost, manure, or decomposed plant materials, enhances soil aggregation, which is the clumping of soil particles into larger clusters. This improved aggregation increases pore space within the soil, enhancing aeration and water infiltration. It also promotes microbial activity, which contributes further to soil health. Additionally, organic matter helps to retain moisture and nutrients, providing a more favorable environment for plants.

In contrast, over-frequent watering can lead to soil compaction and waterlogging, negatively affecting structure. Applying chemical fertilizers can enhance nutrient availability, but they do not significantly improve the physical structure of the soil and may even lead to nutrient imbalances. Removing vegetation can result in soil erosion, loss of organic matter, and degradation of soil structure. Maintaining vegetation is essential for promoting healthy soil ecosystems, which in turn supports better soil structure.