What is a soil profile?

A soil profile is defined as a vertical section of soil that reveals the different layers or horizons within the soil. This vertical cross-section provides valuable insight into the soil's structure, composition, and the various physical and chemical properties found at different depths. Each layer or horizon has distinct characteristics, such as texture, color, and mineral content, which reflect the processes that have shaped the soil over time, including weathering, organic matter accumulation, and biological activity. Understanding soil profiles is crucial for various applications, including agriculture, land management, and environmental studies, as it helps to assess soil health and inform decisions related to soil use and conservation. The other choices refer to specific aspects of soil or related processes but do not accurately describe what a soil profile is.