What does soil drainage refer to?

Soil drainage refers specifically to the removal of excess water from the soil. This process is critical for maintaining soil health and preventing issues such as waterlogging, which can damage plant roots and reduce oxygen availability. Good drainage ensures that water moves through the soil profile efficiently, allowing for the proper balance of moisture that supports plant growth. Without adequate drainage, soils can become saturated, leading to conditions that may suffocate roots and hinder the growth of healthy vegetation. Furthermore, effective drainage can help to prevent soil erosion and nutrient leaching, contributing to overall soil sustainability.