What can excessive soil erosion lead to?

Excessive soil erosion can lead to the destruction of plant habitats primarily because it removes the top layer of soil, which is essential for plant growth. The topsoil contains nutrients, organic matter, and microorganisms that support plant life. When this layer is eroded, the nutrient supply for plants diminishes, leading to poorer plant health and potentially the loss of vegetation altogether. This can disrupt the ecosystem, as plants serve as habitats and food sources for various wildlife. Without adequate soil to support plant life, habitats can be degraded, leading to reduced biodiversity and affecting the overall balance within the ecosystem.

The other options, such as increased soil fertility, improved water retention, and formation of topsoil, do not occur as a result of soil erosion. Instead, erosion typically depletes soil quality and contributes to negative impacts on the environment.