In soil formation, which is one of the two types of weathering?

In the context of soil formation, one of the two primary types of weathering is physical weathering, which is also referred to as mechanical weathering. This process involves the breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller particles without altering their chemical composition. Physical weathering can occur through various natural mechanisms, including freeze-thaw cycles, thermal expansion and contraction, abrasion from wind or water, and biological activity, such as the roots of plants breaking down rock surfaces.

Understanding physical weathering is crucial because it prepares the substrate for the development of soil by breaking down solid rock into smaller fragments. This fragmentation increases the surface area of the rock, enhancing the chemical weathering processes that follow, which eventually leads to soil formation. Thus, in a comprehensive understanding of soil formation, recognizing physical weathering as a key component helps in grasping the dynamic processes that contribute to soil development over time.