How does groundwater interact with soil?

Groundwater plays a crucial role in the ecosystem, particularly in its interaction with soil. It significantly influences soil moisture levels, providing the necessary water for plant growth and sustaining the various biological processes within the soil. When groundwater rises or falls, it alters the moisture content, which affects how well plants can absorb water and nutrients through their roots. The presence of groundwater also contributes to nutrient availability by dissolving and transporting essential minerals from deeper soil layers to the root zone, making them accessible to plants.

These processes are vital for healthy soil ecosystems, supporting not just plant life, but also the microorganisms that contribute to soil health. Therefore, the interaction between groundwater and soil is fundamental to agriculture, ecology, and the overall health of the environment.